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Thursday, January 7th, 2021

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    4:36a
    [Entomology • 2021] Dasycerus poseidon • The First Record of the Subfamily Dasycerinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Taiwan, with Description of A New Species


    Dasycerus poseidon Hu & Liang


    Abstract
    Dasycerus poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. is described and illustrated based on fresh specimens from central and southern Taiwan, which filled in the disjunct distribution between the Japanese archipelago and south-eastern Asia. The new species represents the first record of the subfamily Dasycerinae in Taiwan. The barcoding sequence of the holotype of D. poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. is provided, and revealed a surprisingly large genetic distance within the genus. Detailed illustrations of D. poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. by scanning electron micrograph and micro-computed tomography are also provided. Living individuals of D. poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. were observed eating the mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus in lab conditions, which represents the first direct evidence of mycophagous habits of Dasycerinae.

    Keywords: Coleoptera, rove beetle, new species, taxonomy, mycophagy, distribution, Oriental region, barcoding, micro-CT

    FIGURE 1. Habitus of Dasycerus poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov.
    (A) Dorsal view. (B) Ventral view. (C) Lateral view.

    FIGURE 7. Habitat of Dasycerus poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. 
    (A) Habitat environment. (B-C) The dead wood covered with fungi. (D) The surface of fungi. (E) The living habitus of D. poseidon Hu & Liang, sp. nov. (Photo by C.-H. Wu).


    Fang-Shuo Hu and Wei-Ren Liang. 2021. The First Record of the Subfamily Dasycerinae in Taiwan, with Description of A New Species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Zootaxa. 4903(2); 242–254. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4903.2.4

    8:14a
    [PaleoOrnithology • 2020] Cathartes emsliei • A New Fossil Vulture (Cathartidae: Cathartes) from Quaternary Asphalt and Cave Deposits in Cuba

    Cathartes emsliei 
     Suárez & Olson, 2020

     
    Abstract
    A new small fossil species of vulture from Quaternary asphalt and cave deposits in western Cuba is described herein. Some specimens of this taxon are the smallest known in the genus Cathartes, including the modern Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture C. burrovianus. The extinction of the Cuban megafauna, coupled with the loss of open habitats once dominated by grassland savannas, contributed to the population decline and final extinction of endemic vultures in Cuba during the Holocene.

    Systematic paleontology
    Class AVES Linnaeus
    Order CATHARTIFORMES Coues
    Family CATHARTIDAE Lafresnaye

    Figure 3. Tarsometatarsi in two species of the genus Cathartes
    in anterior (A–C, G–H) and posterior (D–F, I–J) views. 
    Cathartes emsliei: paratype proximal right (A, D) WS 778, holotype proximal left (B, E) MNHNCu 75.4752, paratype distal left (G, I) MNHNCu 75.4751, paratype distal half of right (H, J) MNHNCu 75.4746 (images E, G and I are reversed to facilitate comparisons). 
    C. burrovianus: right (C, F) USNM 622341.
     Scale = 1 cm (William Suárez)

    Figure 4. Hypothetical reconstruction of Emslie's Vulture Cathartes emsliei 
    Illustration: William Suárez

    Genus Cathartes Illiger

    The new species agrees with the genus Cathartes and differs from Coragyps by having tarsometatarsus with short and relatively wider shaft, more compressed anteroposteriorly, anterior metatarsal groove well extended distad, and trochleae shorter and flaring abruptly from shaft. It differs from Gymnogyps Lesson, 1842, which is known from the Cuban fossil record, and agrees with Cathartes, in characters described by Emslie (1988).

    Cathartes emsliei sp. nov.
    Emslie's Vulture; Aura de Emslie
      
    Cathartes? sp.': Suárez (2000a: 120). ‘referable to Cathartes': Suárez (2001: 110).
    ‘a small species of vulture': Suárez (2004: 124).
    Cathartes sp.': Suárez (2020: 14).

    Diagnosis.—A small species of Cathartes differing from C. burrovianus by having coracoid with reduced glenoid facet, wider and deeper anterior intercondylar fossa of the tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus with base of throchlea II wider in posterior view.

    Etymology.—Named for our esteemed colleague and friend, Dr Steven D. Emslie, University of North Carolina Wilmington, USA, in recognition of his contribution to the knowledge of New World vultures, including those from Cuba.

     
    William Suárez and Storrs L. Olson. 2020. A New Fossil Vulture (Cathartidae: Cathartes) from Quaternary Asphalt and Cave Deposits in Cuba. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club. 140(3); 335-343. DOI: 10.25226/bboc.v140i3.2020.a6

    9:02a
    [Botany • 2021] Globba ruiliensis (Zingiberaceae) • A New Species from Yunnan, China


    Globba ruiliensis X. D. Ma, W. G. Wang & J. Y. Shen 

    in Ma, Wang, Gong, ... et Shen, 2021.
     瑞麗舞花薑 ||  taiwania.NTU.edu.tw

    Abstract
    Globba ruiliensis, a new species of Zingiberaceae from Ruili City, Yunnan Province, China, is described and illustrated. This new species is similar to G. multiflora, but clearly differs in its oblong or ovate-lanceolate leaves, 18–25 × 6–12 cm, adaxially strigose along veins, lateral staminodes are nearly equal to corolla lobes, 7–8 mm long, ovate-oblong, apex rounded, yellow to orange labellum, and verrucose ovary and fruit. A comparison table of related species is provided.

    Keyword: Globba multiflora, Globba sessiliflora, Globba racemosa, Haplanthera, Mantisia, Ruili


    Fig. 1. Globba ruiliensis X. D. Ma, W. G. Wang & J. Y. Shen 
    A: Plants. B: Roots and leafy shoots. C–D: Adaxial and abaxial leaves surface. E–F: Adaxial and abaxial leaves surface enlarged showing the hair. G: Ligule. H–I: Inflorescence. J: Bulblet. K–L: Adaxial and abaxial bracts surface. M: Front view of the open flower. N: Side view of the flower. O: Dorsal corolla lobe. P: Lateral corolla lobes. Q: Lateral staminodes. R: Labellum. S: Infructescence. T: Fruit. U: Longitudinal section of fruit. V: Seeds.

    Globba ruiliensis X. D. Ma, W. G. Wang & J. Y. Shen, sp. nov. 
    瑞麗舞花薑 

    Type: CHINA, Yunnan Province, Ruili City, Nongdao Town, Dengga Village, 23°57′N, 97°33′E, alt. 854 m, 21 October 2019, Jian-Yong Shen, Wen-Guang Wang & Xing-Da Ma 1666 
    (holotype: HITBC!; isotypes: HIB!, HITBC!, KUN!).

     Diagnosis: This new species is morphologically similar to G. multiflora, but clearly differs in its oblong or ovate-lanceolate leaves, 18–25 × 6–12 cm, adaxially strigose along veins (vs. oblong-lanceolate leaves, 20– 30 × 3–6 cm, adaxially glabrous), lateral staminodes are nearly equal to corolla lobes, 7–8 mm long, ovate-oblong, apex rounded (vs. lateral staminodes are smaller than corolla lobes, ca. 4 mm long, lanceolate, apex acuminate), yellow to orange labellum (vs. mostly purple labellum, only yellow towards the sinus), and verrucose ovary and fruit (vs. smooth ovary and fruit).


    Etymology: This new species is named for the type locality, Ruili City.

     Distribution and habitat: This new species is currently known from Yunnan Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, growing in wet valleys at 800–1000 m elevation. 


    Xing-Da Ma, Wen-Guang Wang, Qiang-Bang Gong, Gui-Hua Xu, Ji-Pu Shi and Jian-Yong Shen. 2021. Globba ruiliensis, A New Species of Zingiberaceae from Yunnan, China. 
    Taiwania. 66(1); 31-34. DOI: 10.6165/tai.2021.66.31 

       

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