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Thursday, November 2nd, 2023
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| 2:19a | [Ichthyology • 2023] Trichomycterus puna • A New Species of Trichomycterus (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Wetlands of High Elevation of Argentina, with Notes on the T. alterus Species-Complex
Abstract Trichomycterus puna, new species, is described from a small tributary of the Corral Blanco in Catamarca Province, Argentina, as part of an ongoing systematic study of the genus Trichomycterus from the High Andean Plateau or Altiplano-Puna drainages of the southern Central Andes. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the following characters: the odontodes embedded in thick integument that covers interopercle, the premaxillary bone smaller than maxilla, the presence of sesamoid supraorbital with lateral process, the supraorbital sensory pore s3 present, the discontinuous supraorbital sensory canal, 2–3 premaxillary tooth rows, the uniformly dark pigmentation on the trunk, 15 precaudal vertebrae, the skin of trunk with minute thread-like papillae, 7–8 pectoral-fin rays, 9–12 dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays, 10–11 ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays, the distally unbranched barbels, the wider interorbital distance, 16 pairs of ribs, the first dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserting on vertebra 18, and the first anal-fin pterygiophore inserting on vertebra 21. It closely resembles T. alterus, T. belensis, T. boylei, and T. ramosus from the Puna region. Trichomycterus belensis and T. catamarcensis are recorded from new localities over 3,400 m elevation.
Trichomycterus puna, new species Etymology.—The specific epithet puna is a noun in apposition and is attributable to the geological province known as
the Puna. The origin of the word is Quechuan and is attributable to the indigenous people known as the Kollas who
lived in this area. Luis Fernández, Guadalupe Contrera and Julieta Andreoli Bize. 2023. New Species of Trichomycterus (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Wetlands of High Elevation of Argentina, with Notes on the T. alterus Species-Complex. Ichthyology & Herpetology. 111(3); 456-466. DOI: 10.1643/i2022074 | ||||||||
| 2:53a | [Botany • 2023] Pedicularis revealiana (Orobanchaceae) • A New hemiparasitic Species of Pedicularis from North Sikkim
Abstract The new species Pedicularis revealiana, is described from Katao in Sikkim Himalaya, India. The new species is hemiparasitic and possesses a combination of characters which makes it unique among all Pedicularis species as it has a perennial caespitose habit, stout and woody stems with decumbent branches and congested internodes, evanescent radical leaves and smaller and fewer cauline leaves with linear pinnae, 3–5 flowered and subcapitate or fascicled inflorescence, pedicillate bracts, minute flowers, hairy calyx with crestate-dentate and recurved lobes, stipitate and arcuate galea with truncate apex and papillose surface, gland-dotted labium with very large lateral lobes, unequal filament pairs inserted near top of the corolla tube, stipitate stigma which is bilobed and woolly and monocolpate pollen grains which are large and fusiform in shape with rugulose-punctate surface. With these combination of characters, it is differentiated from the only allied species Pedicularis gracilis. Keywords: caespitose, Katao, North Sikkim district, novelty, Orobanchaceae, Pedicularis revealiana, rocky soil   Pedicularis revealiana Arti Garg sp. nov. Arti Garg and Achuta Nand Shukla. 2023. A New hemiparasitic Species of Pedicularis (Orobanchaceae) from North Sikkim, India. Nordic Journal of Botany. DOI: 10.1111/njb.03966 | ||||||||
| 3:50a | [Botany • 2023] Henckelia arupii (Gesneriaceae) • A New Species from Arunachal Pradesh, India
Abstract Henckelia arupii, a new species discovered from Arunachal Pradesh, India, is described and illustrated. The new species is superficially similar to Henckelia adenocalyx and three other Northeast Indian species in habit, in the broadly ovate foliaceous bracts covering the flower buds, in the parallel-convergent venation of the bracts and in the infundibuliform corolla. However, it differs in having cymes reduced to solitary flowers, a campanulate, narrowly pleated calyx and lanceolate to elliptic revolute calyx segments. A detailed description and photographic illustration of the morphological characters is presented. So far, Henckelia arupii is only known from the type locality. Keywords: Arunachal Pradesh, Gesneriad, Henckelia, India, new species
Henckelia arupii Taram & Tag, sp. nov. Etymology: The species is named in the honor of Prof. Arup Kumar Das, Retired Professor of Botany, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh, Arunachal Pradesh, India, for his pioneering and invaluable contribution made toward understanding the flora and ethnobotanical knowledge of the Eastern Himalayan region of India.
Momang Taram and Hui Tag. 2023. Henckelia arupii (Gesneriaceae): A New Species from Arunachal Pradesh, India. Feddes Repertorium. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.202100055 arunachalobserver.org/2023/01/12/new-flo | ||||||||
| 8:43a | [Paleontology • 2023] Amanasaurus nesbitti • A New silesaurid (Archosauria: Silesauridae) from Carnian Beds of Brazil fills A Gap in the Radiation of Avian line Archosaurs
Abstract Comprising the oldest unequivocal dinosauromorphs in the fossil record, silesaurs play an important role in the Triassic radiation of dinosaurs. These reptiles provide the main source of information regarding the ancestral body plan of dinosaurs, as well as the basis for biogeographic models. Nevertheless, the co-occurrence of silesaurs and the oldest unequivocal dinosaurs is rare, which hampers reliable ecological inferences. Here we present the first species of silesaur from the oldest unequivocal dinosaur-bearing beds from Brazil. Amanasaurus nesbitti gen. et sp. nov. possesses a unique set of femoral traits among silesaurs, including the oldest occurrence of an anterior trochanter separated by the femoral shaft by a marked cleft. Its femoral length indicates that the new species rivals in size with most coeval dinosaurs. This find challenges the assumption that in faunas where silesaurs and unambiguous dinosaurs co-occurred, silesaurs were relatively smaller. Moreover, the presence of dinosaur-sized silesaurs within ecosystems with lagerpetids, sauropodomorphs and herrerasaurids reinforces the complex scenario regarding the early radiation of Pan-Aves. Silesaurs—independent of their phylogenetic position—persisted during most of the Triassic Period, with its plesiomorphic body size advancing through the dawn of dinosaurs, instead of silesaur lineages decrease in body size through time.    Systematic paleontology Archosauria Cope, 1869 Pan-Aves Gauthier & de Queiroz, 2001 Dinosauromorpha Benton, 1985 Silesauridae Nesbitt et al., 2010 Amanasaurus nesbitti gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis: Amanasaurus nesbitti differs from all other known silesaurs with comparable material in (*local autapomorphies): posteromedial tuber of the femoral head reduced to absent; ventral margin of the anteromedial tuber exceeding the femoral head margin; presence of a fossa trochanterica; absence of a raised anterolateral scar; presence of a semi-circular scar on the posterodorsal surface of the femoral head*; cleft between the proximal tip of the anterior trochanter and the femoral shaft ... Etymology: The genus combines the Tupi word “amana” (= rain) and the Greek “saurus” (= lizard), referring to the Carnian pluvial episode. The specific epithet honors Dr. Sterling J. Nesbitt, a prominent North American paleontologist, for his contribution and studies on silesaurs and Triassic archosaurs.    Rodrigo T. Müller and Maurício S. Garcia. 2023. A New silesaurid from Carnian Beds of Brazil fills A Gap in the Radiation of Avian line Archosaurs. Scientific Reports. 13: 4981. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32057-x www.ufsm.br/2023/04/14/paleontologos-de  | ||||||||
| 9:39a | [Botany • 2023] Anoectochilus zhongshanensis (Orchidaceae) • A New Species from Guangxi, China
Abstract A new species of Anoectochilus (Orchidaceae) from Guangxi, China, A. zhongshanensis, is described here, which was identified based on phylogenetic studies adopting combined plastid markers (rbcL-matK-trnL-F), morphological observation and chemical analysis. Molecular phylogenetic results support the systematic status of A. zhongshanensis as a new species in Anoectochilus genus. Morphologically, this new species is similar to A. zhejiangensis and A. malipoensis, but differs by its characteristic labellum and column, including the hastate or scalpel-shaped lobes of epichile, forward curved and pinnately divided cristate lobes at both sides of the mesochile and inverted triangle column wings. Furthermore, HPLC-ELSD analysis of these three species revealed the interesting chemotaxonomic difference that the principle and characteristic lactone glycoside in this new species was kinsenoside, rather than its diastereoisomer, goodyeroside A, a major glycoside in A. zhejiangensis and A. malipoensis. Key words: Anoectochilus, new species, phylogeny, taxonomy
Anoectochilus zhongshanensis C.J.Zheng & Y.B.Wu, sp. nov. Diagnosis: A. zhongshanensis is similar to A. zhejiangensis, but can be distinguished by the hastate or scalpel-shaped lobes of epichile (vs. semiovoid), forward curved and pinnately divided cristate lobes at both sides of the mesochile (vs. backward curved, the same orientation as the spur), unbowed conical spur (vs. bowed) and inverted triangle column wings (vs. squarish) (Fig. 6). A. zhongshanensis is also similar to A. malipoensis, but can be distinguished by the hastate or scalpel-shaped lobes of epichile (vs. obovate lobes with acuminate apex and crenulate margins), pinnately divided cristate lobes at both sides of the mesochile (vs. obliquely subquadrate and serrate lobes) and inverted triangle column wings (vs. elliptic) (Chen and Shui 2010). Etymology: Referring to the locality (Zhongshan County) where this new species was found. Vernacular name: 钟山金线兰 (Chinese pinyin: zhong shan jin xian lan).
Yan-Bin Wu, Yu Han, Xu-Hui He, Hui-Ling Chen, Jin-Zhong Wu, Qi Ye and Cheng-Jian Zheng. 2023. Anoectochilus zhongshanensis (Orchidaceae), A New Species from Guangxi, China. PhytoKeys. 234: 203-218. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.234.111106  | ||||||||
| 10:20a | [PaleoIchthyology • 2023] Yanliaomyzon ingensdentes & Y. occisor • The Rise of Predation in Jurassic Lampreys
Abstract Lampreys, one of two living lineages of jawless vertebrates, are always intriguing for their feeding behavior via the toothed suctorial disc and life cycle comprising the ammocoete, metamorphic, and adult stages. However, they left a meager fossil record, and their evolutionary history remains elusive. Here we report two superbly preserved large lampreys from the Middle-Late Jurassic Yanliao Biota of North China and update the interpretations of the evolution of the feeding apparatus, the life cycle, and the historic biogeography of the group. These fossil lampreys’ extensively toothed feeding apparatus differs radically from that of their Paleozoic kin but surprisingly resembles the Southern Hemisphere pouched lamprey, which foreshadows an ancestral flesh-eating habit for modern lampreys. Based on the revised petromyzontiform timetree, we argued that modern lampreys’ three-staged life cycle might not be established until the Jurassic when they evolved enhanced feeding structures, increased body size and encountered more penetrable host groups. Our study also places modern lampreys’ origin in the Southern Hemisphere of the Late Cretaceous, followed by an early Cenozoic anti-tropical disjunction in distribution, hence challenging the conventional wisdom of their biogeographical pattern arising from a post-Cretaceous origin in the Northern Hemisphere or the Pangean fragmentation in the Early Mesozoic.
    Systematic paleontology Order: Petromyzontiformes Berg, 194018 Genus Yanliaomyzon gen. nov. Diagnosis: Stem lampreys with oral discs well-toothed in anterior and lateral fields; anterior and lateral oral disc teeth closely arranged, dorsally truncated, spatulate in shape with the slightly concaved undersurface of the free edge protruding a shallow blade; posterior disc teeth lacking, anterior and lateral circumoral teeth elongate and trihedral in shape; supraoral lamina large and consisting of two stout central cusps flanked by wing-like lateral extensions; transverse lingual lamina very large with the apices of three cusps interlocking with the supraoral lamina in vivo. Etymology: ‘Yanliao’ derives from Yanliao Biota, a Jurassic terrestrial Lagerstätte from North China, where these fossils were discovered; ‘myzon’ (Greek), sucker. Yanliaomyzon occisor Diagnosis: The supraoral lamina spanning completely the lateral rims of the oral aperture, with the central cusps flanked immediately by two smaller projections; 16 circumoral teeth; the tail region occupying slightly less than 28% of the total body length. Etymology: Latin ‘occisor’, meaning ‘killer’, refers to the powerful hunting skill of the species. Horizon and locality: Tiaojishan Formation, Oxfordian, earliest Late Jurassic, ca. 158.58–160 million years ago (Ma); Daxishan, Linglongta Town, Jianchang County, Liaoning Province (Holotype), and Nanshimen Village, Gangou Town, Qinglong County, Hebei Province (Paratype), China. Yanliaomyzon ingensdentes gen. et sp. nov. Diagnosis: The supraoral lamina occupying roughly one-third of the rim of the oral aperture; the transverse lingual lamina almost equaling to the supraoral lamina in width; ca. 23 circumoral teeth; the tail region occupying slightly more than 40% of the total body length. Etymology: Latin ‘ingens + dentes’, meaning large teeth, refers to the large cuspid laminae on the gouging piston. Horizon and locality: Daohugou beds, Callovian, late Middle Jurassic, ca. 163 Ma in Wubaiding Village, Reshuitang County, Liaoning Province, China.     Feixiang Wu, Philippe Janvier and Chi Zhang. 2023. The Rise of Predation in Jurassic Lampreys. Nature Communications. 14: 6652. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42251-0 https://phys.org/news/2023-11-species-la  | ||||||||
| 1:56p | [Botany • 2019] Sebaea solaris (Gentianaceae) • A New Species from the Western Cape of South Africa
Highlights • A new species of Sebaea has been discovered and is here described. Abstract Sebaea solaris (Gentianaceae) is here described as a new species from the Overberg region, Western Cape, South Africa. This new species is at first glance very distinct from all others in the genus mainly due to its relative large yellow flowers of c. 2.5 cm diameter with oblanceolate to obdeltoid erose corolla lobes. The petal ornamentation with several orange lines indicating the flower centre (versus two lines per petal for a few other Sebaea species) and a conspicuous undulated calyx wing are also unique in the genus. Furthermore, the position of large secondary stigmas above the middle of the style (versus at the base of the style for its morphologically closest relative: S. exacoides) possibly indicates differences in pollination strategies. Keywords: Africa, Cape floristic region, Taxonomy
Sebaea solaris Kissling, species nova Diagnosis: Sebaea solaris is a pentamerous annual herb 5–20 cm tall, which differs from all other Sebaea species by its oblanceolate to obdeltoid erose corolla lobes; its petal ornamentation with several orange lines per petal indicating the flower centre (versus two lines per petal for a few other Sebaea species) and a conspicuous undulated calyx wing (Fig. 1). The morphologically closest related species to S. solaris is S. exacoides (L.) Schinz. Sebaea solaris, in addition to the above-mentioned characters, differs from S. exacoides by the orangish outer epidermis of the corolla tube and lobes crossed by conspicuous green veins (versus no conspicuous veins); pistil with secondary stigmas situated at the midst of the style – at the anthers level (versus secondary stigmas situated at the base of the style much below the anthers level). J. Kissling and L. Zeltner. 2019. Sebaea solaris (Gentianaceae), A New Species from the Western cape of South Africa. South African Journal of Botany. 123; 20-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.02.002 |
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