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Thursday, November 7th, 2024
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| 1:51a | [Botany • 2024] Vaccinium fallax, V. gamay & V. vomicum • Three New Species of Vaccinium L. (Ericaceae: Vaccinieae) from Mindanao Island, Philippines
Abstract Three new species of Vaccinium endemic to the island of Mindanao, Philippines are here described and illustrated. Vaccinium fallax most closely resembles V. myrtoides, but differs by having smaller leaves, caducous bracts, shorter pedicels, a broadly obconical hypanthium, broadly triangular calyx lobes, and a deep pink and broadly urceolate corolla. It grows on exposed areas and among sulfur vents at and near the summit of Mt. Apo. Vaccinium gamay most closely resembles V. gitingense, but differs in having shorter inflorescences, early caducous inflorescence bracts, shorter pedicels, presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium, and an absence of anther spurs. It grows on exposed areas in the ultramafic forest of Mt. Hamiguitan. It is one of only two Philippine Vaccinium species possessing distinctly callose-thickened calyx lobes, the other being V. gitingense. Vaccinium vomicum most closely resembles V. carmesinum, but differs by having smaller leaves, presence of glands on the extreme end of the leaf blade base, presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium, shorter stamens, and presence of stalked glands on the dentate apex of the tubules. It grows in the mossy rainforest of Mt. Kitanglad, and it is the only Philippine species of Vaccinium with glands on the extreme end of its leaf blade base. Following IUCN guidelines, we propose a conservation status of Critically Endangered for V. fallax, Endangered for V. gamay, and Data Deficient for V. vomicum. With these discoveries, the number of Vaccinium species in Mindanao Islands increases to 22 and in the Philippines to 44. Furthermore, the Mindanao Islands can now be considered the center of Vaccinium diversity in the Philippines.
Vaccinium fallax M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch, sp. nov. Diagnosis:—Vaccinium fallax most closely resembles V. myrtoides (Blume 1826: 861) Miquel (1859: 1062) but can be distinguished by having smaller leaves [0.7–2.0 × 0.25–1.0 cm vs. 1.3–2.0 (–2.5) × (0.6–) 0.7–1.3 (–1.8) cm], caducous bracts (vs. partly persistent), shorter pedicels [0.5–0.7 cm vs. 0.5–1(–1.4 cm)], a broadly obconical hypanthium (vs. cupuliform), broadly triangular calyx lobes (vs. triangular), and a deep pink (vs. pale pink) and broadly urceolate corolla (vs. narrowly cylindric-urceolate). Etymology:—The epithet “fallax” is Latin meaning deceptive. This is in reference to its close morphological resemblance to Vaccinium myrtoides.
Vaccinium gamay M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch, sp. nov. Diagnosis:—Vaccinium gamay most closely resembles V. gitingense Elmer (1912: 1490) but is distinguished by having shorter inflorescences (3–4 cm vs. 4–6 cm), early caducous inflorescence bracts (vs. persistent), shorter pedicels [8–9 mm vs. (7–)10–15 mm], presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium (vs. absence), and an absence of anther spurs (vs. presence). Etymology:—The epithet “gamay” is a Cebuano word meaning small. This refers to the relatively small and dainty flowers of the new species. Vaccinium vomicum M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch, sp. nov. Diagnosis:—Vaccinium vomicum most closely resembles V. carmesinum M.N.Tamayo & P.W.Fritsch (2020: 174) but differs by having smaller leaves (5.0–9.0 × 1.8–5.2 cm vs. 7–15 × 0.4–9 cm), the presence of glands on the extreme end of the leaf blade base (vs. ca. 1–2 cm from the leaf blade base), the presence of clavate glands on the hypanthium (vs. absence), shorter stamens (4.5–5.5 mm long vs. 5.5–7.2 mm long), and the presence of stalked glands on the dentate apex of the tubules (vs. glandless, entire) Etymology:—The epithet “vomicum” is Latin meaning abscess or sore. This is in reference to the conspicuous pair of glands on the extreme end of the leaf base of this species. Maverick N. Tamayo, Victor B. Amoroso, Fulgent P. Coritico, Darin S. Penneys, John Rey C. Callado, John D. Horner and Peter W. Fritsch. 2024. Three New Species of Vaccinium L. (Ericaceae) from Mindanao Island, Philippines. Phytotaxa. 647(1); 19-33. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.647.1.2 | ||||||||
| 2:16a | [Ichthyology • 2024] Karstsinnectes daxinensis • Evolutionary History of Chinese Karst Loaches (Nemacheilidae: Karstsinnectes): New insights from Mitochondrial-based Genomes and Description of A New Species from Guangxi, China
Abstract The genus Karstsinnectes of blind fishes known as karst loaches from China was established in 2023 during a revision of the genus Oreonectes (Nemacheilidae). Six species are recorded in this study and some taxonomic progress has been made; however, the lack of genetic data for some species (e.g., K. anophthalmus) may have weakened our current understanding of Karstsinnectes. This study reassessed the phylogeny and evolutionary history of Karstsinnectes by integrating a combination of previously published and newly sequenced mitochondrial genomic data. A phylogenetic tree was developed that was able to divide Karstsinnectes into two clades corresponding to drainages and clarify the phylogenetic position of K. anophthalmus. Divergence times show that Karstsinnectes originated at the Oligocene/Miocene boundary (~22.37 Mya), with the most recent common ancestor occurring in the early Miocene (~18.87 Mya) and interspecific divergence occurring in the late Miocene. Ancestral area reconstruction suggests that the most recent common ancestor of Karstsinnectes most likely inhabited the Hongshui River basin and dispersed into the Zuojiang-Yujiang, Beipanjiang, and Youjiang river basins during the early Miocene (~18.87 Mya), middle Miocene (~12.78 Mya), and late Miocene (~6.71 Mya), respectively. The dispersal under the influence of orogenesis and a monsoon climate drove the speciation and diverse distribution of Karstsinnectes. Such findings are important for conservation considering that Karstsinnectes strictly inhabits deep caves. Additionally, the taxonomic status of the distributed Karstsinnectes population in Leiping Town, Daxin County, Guangxi, China was revised by combining genetic and morphological differences to describe this population as a new species, Karstsinnectes daxinensis Luo, Zhou & Zhou, sp. nov. The definition of the phylogenetic position of K. anophthalmus emphasizes the importance of using type locality material for the identification of cryptic species. Key Words: Biogeography, blind fishes, Karstsinnectes anophthalmus, phylogeny, taxonomy
Karstsinnectes daxinensis Luo, Zhou & Zhou, sp. nov. Chresonymy: Oreonectes anophthalmus: Wang, 2022 (Leiping Town, Daxin County, Guangxi, China). Karstsinnectes anophthalmus: Luo et al. 2023, 2024; Yu et al. 2023; Ge et al. 2024; Zhao et al. 2024 (Leiping Town, Daxin County, Guangxi, China). Diagnosis: Karstsinnectes daxinensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from all of the other congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) body naked and without pigmentation; (2) eyes absent; (3) dorsal-fin rays iii-7, pectoral-fin rays i-10–11, pelvic-fin rays i-5, anal-fin rays iii-5, caudal fin truncated with 13–14 branched caudal-fin rays; (4) pelvic fins slightly long, length 9.5–13.2% of SL, tip reaching the anus; (5) high and wide head (depth 6.3–9.8% of SL; wide 10.0–14.8% of SL), narrow mouth (width 6.2–7.9% of SL), long inrostral barbel length (length 7.2–12.7% of SL), and long maxillary barbel length (length 11.3–13.1% of SL). Etymology: The specific epithet “daxinensis” refers to the type locality of the new species: Leiping Town, Daxin County, Chongzuo City, Guangxi, China. We propose the English common name “Daxin Chinese Karst Loach” and Chinese common name “Dà Xīn Zhōng Huá Kā Qiū (大新中华喀鳅).” Tao Luo, Fang-Wei Luo, Chang-Ting Lan, Ming-Yuan Xiao, Jia-Jun Zhou, Mei Liao, Ning Xiao and Jiang Zhou. 2024. Evolutionary History of Chinese Karst Loaches (Nemacheilidae, Karstsinnectes): new insights from Mitochondrial-based Genomes and Description of A New Species from Guangxi, China. Zoosystematics and Evolution. 100(4): 1473-1486. DOI: doi.org/10.3897/zse.100.133964 | ||||||||
| 3:00a | [Botany • 2024] Ticanto xylocarpa (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) • A New Species from southern China [Ticanto Miscellany 1]
Abstract A new species, Ticanto xylocarpa K. W. Jiang & Shi J. Li is described and illustrated here. It is superficially similar to T. magnifoliolata in its leaf shape and ferruginous young branches and inflorescence axes. However, it is readily distinguished by the ligneous and wingless pods that are dehiscent when mature. Calculations of Area of Occupancy (AOO) and Extent of Occurrence (EOO) suggest that Ticanto xylocarpa meets the criteria for Least Concern (LC) in the IUCN Red List. Caesalpinia group, Caesalpinieae, IUCN Red List, Leguminosae, sp. nov., taxonomy, Eudicots
Kai-Wen Jiang, Hong Yang, Ruth P. Clark, Guo-Di Chen, Xiu-Ting Liu, Shi-Jin Li, Miao-Miao Shi and Tie-Yao Tu. 2024. Ticanto Miscellany 1. Ticanto xylocarpa (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae), A New Species from southern China. Phytotaxa. 669(2); 141-149. DOI: doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.669.2.6 | ||||||||
| 9:24a | [Botany • 2024] Argyreia collinsiae subsp. megabracteata • The Argyreia collinsiae Species Complex (Convolvulaceae): Phenetic Analysis and Geographic Distribution reveal Subspecies New to Science
Abstract Argyreia Lour. is a speciose genus in the Convolvulaceae. However, the genus contains several problematic species complexes due to their morphological similarity. In this study, we aimed to resolve the Argyreia collinsiae complex, which consists of four similar operational taxonomic units (OTUs), i.e., A. collinsiae (Craib) Na Songkhla & Traiperm, A. dokmaihom Traiperm & Staples, A. versicolor (Kerr) Staples & Traiperm, and a peculiar OTU typically known as the large-bract morphotype of A. collinsiae. Following morphological comparison and phenetic analysis, all four OTUs were found to be distinct. However, the large-bract morphotype of A. collinsiae was confirmed to be more closely related to the original morphotype of A. collinsiae than to the other two species. Species distribution modeling (SDM) was then conducted for both morphotypes of A. collinsiae, revealing different geographical ranges of suitable habitat for each. In conclusion, the large-bract morphotype of A. collinsiae was described in this study as a new subspecies, A. collinsiae subsp. megabracteata Traiperm & Srisombat, subsp. nov., based on morphological differences and separate geographic range. We also provide here an identification key, description, detailed illustrations, distribution data, and ecological notes of the new subspecies. An updated description of A. versicolor and an assessment of its conservation status were also prepared since the original description was based solely on dried herbarium specimens and lacks key details.
Argyreia collinsiae (Craib) Na Songkhla & Traiperm, Thai Forest Bull., Bot. 33: 42. 2005 Subsp. megabracteata Traiperm & Srisombat, subsp. nov. Distribution: Thailand (Northeastern and Eastern). Habitat: Dry deciduous forest, mixed evergreen-deciduous forest, canal bank, roadside, and rice fields Etymology: The epithet ‘megabracteata’ is derived from prominent bracts larger than the original mophotype. Poompat Srisombat, Natthaphong Chitchak, Pantamith Rattanakrajang, Alyssa B. Stewart and Paweena Traiperm. 2024. The Argyreia collinsiae Species Complex (Convolvulaceae): Phenetic Analysis and Geographic Distribution reveal Subspecies New to Science. PeerJ. 12:e18294. DOI: doi.org/10.7717/peerj.18294 | ||||||||
| 11:13a | [Botany • 2024] Hoya sungwookii (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae) • A New Species from southern Vietnam
Abstract A new species, Hoya sungwookii, discovered in southern Vietnam near Nha Trang Town (Khanh Hoa Province) is described and illustrated. It belongs to the type section of the genus and is distinguished from the morphologically closest H. oblongacutifolia (= H. graveolens) in glabrous pedicels, smaller flower 1.1–1.4 cm across, greenish ciliate calyx, corolla abaxially light green, small green to dark green corona 4.5–5 mm in diameter, 1.6–1.8 mm tall, small, 2–2.2 mm long, corona segments, and short corona segment inner angle, not exceeding anthers. Additionally, data on ecology, phenology, distribution of newly described species are presented, as well as its evaluated conservation status and color illustrations. Taking into consideration our new data, the genus in Vietnam currently includes 45 species. Keywords: Asclepioideae, Eastern Indochina, endemism, flora, Hoya oblongacutifolia, Hoya sect. Hoya, Khanh Hoa Province, plant conservation, plant diversity, plant taxonomy
Hoya sungwookii Aver., Vuong, Nhan et V. C. Nguyen, sp. nov. Diagnosis. The new species is morphologically closest to Hoya oblongacutifolia, from which it differs in glabrous pedicels, smaller flower 1.1–1.4 cm across, greenish ciliate calyx, corolla abaxially light green, small green to dark green corona 4.5–5 mm in diameter, 1.6–1.8 mm tall, small corona segments, 2–2.2 mm long, and short corona segment inner angle, not exceeding anthers Etymology. The species is named after Mr. Um Sung Wook, who first found this plant in nature and kindly shared his discovery for our study. T. T. N. Tran, V. C. Nguyen, Leonid V. Averyanov, B. V. Truong, V. S. Dang, V. K. Nguyen, Tatyana V. Maisak, Q. B. Nguyen and Lyudmila I. Krupkina. 2024. New Species, Hoya sungwookii (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae), from southern Vietnam. Turczaninowia. 27(1); 72-80. DOI: 10.14258/turczaninowia.27.1.10 http://turczaninowia.asu.ru/article/view/1 | ||||||||
| 5:02p | [PaleoOrnithology • 2024] A gigantic new Terror Bird (Cariamiformes: Phorusrhacidae) from Middle Miocene tropical environments of La Venta in northern South America
Abstract Our knowledge of the fossil avifauna from the Middle Miocene La Venta locality in Colombia is limited almost entirely to aquatic birds. Phorusrhacidae, popularly known as ‘terror birds’, are a group of highly diversified cursorial birds that played the role of apex predators during most of the Cenozoic. Here we present the first record of a phorusrhacid from the La Venta locality. This terror bird can be assigned to the ‘Phorusrhacinae’, a subfamily for which the monophyly is under debate. The fragment of left distal tibiotarsus represents the most northern record of this group for South America and may correspond to the largest terror bird that ever existed. This suggests that terror birds might also have inhabited more tropical ecosystems, providing evidence that they were apex predators in tropical palaeocommunities. Additionally, our research contributes to an understanding of the biogeographical patterns of the Phorusrhacidae lineage dispersal into northern South America and subsequent colonization of North America. Keywords: terror bird, La Venta, predator, palaeoecosystem, Miocene, phorusrhacid Class: Aves Order: Cariamiformes Family: Phorusrhacidae Subfamily: 'Phorusrhacinae' Gen. et sp. indet. MT-0200     Federico J. Degrange, Siobhan B. Cooke, Luis G. Ortiz-Pabon, Jonathan S. Pelegrin, Cesar A. Perdomo, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi and Andrés Link. 2024. A gigantic new Terror Bird (Cariamiformes, Phorusrhacidae) from Middle Miocene tropical environments of La Venta in northern South America. Papers in Palaeontology. DOI: doi.org/10.1002/spp2.1601 facebook.com/PaleontologiaenColombia/posts/1078533020940011  |
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