Linux Kernel ROP - Ropping your way to #
This article from Cysec
Labs starts a series explaining how return-oriented programming (ROP)
can be used to exploit vulnerabilities in the kernel. "ROP
techniques take advantage of code misalignment to identify new
gadgets. This is possible due to x86 language density, i.e., the x86
instruction set is large enough (and instructions have different lengths),
that almost any sequence of bytes can be interpreted as a valid
instruction."