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Пишет anon75448 (![[info]](http://lj.rossia.org/img/userinfo.gif){kind=small} anon75448)@ 2019-12-20 17:58:00 |
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In Denmark the "most vulnerable residential areas" have been published on a "ghetto list" for the last 10 years, where politicians can in principle force demolition of houses.
https://www.di.se/nyheter/gettolista-sp
Pontus Herin Publicerad: 20 december 2019, 17:25
Denmark is usually pointed out as Sweden's antipode with regard to immigration and integration. In addition to more restrictive migration policies, there is a broad political unity about harder grip towards immigrants who do not behave and towards residential segregation. This also applies to the debate climate as completely different wordings can be used than in Sweden.
A good example of this is the so-called "ghetto list" which is presented every year in Dec 1. Here the most problematic residential areas are listed according to a number of criterions related to unemployment, criminality, and the proportion of non-Danes (see the definition below). This year there is 28 areas on the list.
Even if the criterions have been changed, the list has existed for 10 years and a debate have been going on for approximately as long about whether it is a clever thing and what is the actual aim of the list.
The ghetto list can be compared with the Swedish police' list of "vulnerable areas". But there is an important difference. In the end of 2018 the so-called "ghetto package" was voted through in the Danish parliament that allows enforced measures in the areas. A broad majority of politicians voted through the law and they mean that now it is working.
"The general image is that there is a positive development with regard to employment in almost all these areas, compared to the rest of the society," - said housing minister K. Dyvbad (S) in connection with presenting this year's list public.
If an area is present on the list for 4 years in a row, it is classified as "hard ghetto". Then politicians can use a number of measures like refusing accommodations to former convicted criminals, give people with jobs priority with regard to access to housing, and refuse providing housing to people living on welfare money.
The most debated part of the law is that the non-profit communal rental housing is not allowed make up mo than 40% of all housing in a hard ghetto. In practice this means that more than half of the housing in these areas must be made available for sale or be demolished. According to an investigation by the newspaper "Mandag Morgen", 11 thousands people can be forced to leave their houses as a consequence of the new law. However, until now no house has been demolished.
B. Madsen, chief of the Boligselskabernes Landsforening (Danish equivalent to Swedish allmännytta, national association of communal and private landlords) is critical to the list but also sees certain advantages:
"In residential areas that risk getting on the list of hard ghettos in the near future we together with local authorities carry out an intensive work. It is about quickly improving schools, putting people to work and decreasing criminality. This is, naturally, positive".
The aim of the "ghetto package" is to get a greater socioeconomical mixing in these areas and in this way turn around the [bad] development. When the new law was voted through, it was done under the slogan "Denmark without the parallel society - no ghetto by 2030".
But at the same time as politicians, with only few exceptions, support the tough measures, strong critical voices are heard from both the residents and researchers. The word "ghetto" is debated, because it gives a picture of something that is worse than it is. The list is also blamed for labeling the areas as hopeless and preserving all that is bad.
Among the residents frustration is voiced additionally: they feel labeled as the second class citizens.
"Another concern is that there is practically nothing that says that it becomes better in a residential area or that people get jobs just because there is a greater socioeconomical mixing. We gladly believe it is true in the North, but there is no supporting research," - says G. Christensen, chief analyst at Vive, an institute for welfare research.
G. Christensen means that the ghetto list makes people in the areas to mobilize and collectively show that it is not that bad, which is positive. But at the same time, the list is mainly for politicians who can show that they do something at all.
"Problems are different in different areas. But here politicians try to find a solution for all of it and in addition using drastic measures. Demolishing a house does not solve any problem. It simply moves them."
A definition of Danish ghetto
For an area to be classified as ghetto it must have at lease 1000 residents and fulfill three of the following five criterions:
• over 40% of adults are unemployed
• over 50% residents were born in non-western countries
• over 2.7% of adults are convicted for crimes related to weapon or drugs
• over 50% of residents have only elementary school edication
• Average income is below 55% of all average incomes in the region.
https://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/krimi
Publicerad 2019-11-30
Criminals are offered money to move from the "ghetto"
In Odense in Denmark, convicted criminals are offered money and free help to move by the municipality and the landlords. This is to avoid getting on the list of "especially vulnerable areas" that is presented by the government on Sunday.
If they move to another area before the end of the year they get 15000 Danish crones tax-free and free help with the moving. This offer was issued a few weeks ago to all convicted criminals in the 4 vulnerable areas in Odense.
It is the municipality together with the three landlords that turned to unconventional methods to avoid that the areas get on the list of the "hard ghettos" that is presented on Sunday.
Every year the Danish government publishes a ghetto list of the vulnerable areas in the counry.
A residential area with more then 1000 residents can get on the list if it fulfills at lease 3 of the following 5 criterions:
• over 40% of residents between 18 and 64 of age are outside the labor market and are not studying.
• over 50% of residents are immigrants or family to immigrants from non-western countries.
• over 2,7% of residents older than 18 have been convicted for crimes.
• over 50% of residents between 30 and 59 of age only have elementary school education.
• Income levels in the area are substantially lower than in the rest of the region.
In 2018 29 areas appeared in the list, including Vollsmose in Odense, Gellerupparken in Århus and Tingbjerg in Copenhagen.
Only a month before the list is presented, the Danish parliament voted through a new law, "ghetto package". It implies among other things that an area that appeared on the list 4 years in a row is upgraded to "hard ghetto".
In the "hard ghettos" the landlords can be forced to demolish up to 60% of non-profit public rental housing until 2030.
Vollsmose [in Odense] and Gellerup in Århus were among the first to get classified as ghettos and now they may face extensive housing demolition.
To avoid getting in the same situation, Odense municipality presented their unusual offer to selected residents.
- It is in many ways a grotesque tool to offer help with moving to convicted criminals, but we have done it in desperation facing the risk of being forced to demolish. There is no sane politician in Odense who believes that it should be good to demolish so many houses, says P.R. Juel, socialdemocratic mayor, to the newspaper Fyens Stiftstidende.
Riisingparken is one of the concerned areas in Odense. It has been on the government's list since 2016. Now the area risks becoming a hard ghetto, unless 10 to 14 convicted criminals accept before the New Year the offer of free moving and 15000 crones tax-free in the hands and 2 weeks free from rent in the new place.
The offer created debate between politicians and people. When the right populistic Danish people's party heard the rumors of that they requested that housing minister K. Dybvad (S) should gather the parties supporting the law to discuss how to avoid similar tricks in the future.
- The aim of the ghetto law was to prevent the ghetto and massive criminality where many migrants are gathered in the same place. It was surely not the aim that it should pour gifts down on the criminals, says M.H. Dencker, the spokesperson for the housing questions of the Danish people's party to Danish Radio.
Similar methods have been used before, for example, in Skovgårdsparken in Århus, where landlord Brabrand boligforening offered 50000 crones as a help to move to families that were outside the labor market if they discontinue their housing contract. 15 families have moved in total and this way the area avoided getting on the ghetto list.
With this year’s list, several new requirements are coming. Among other things, maximum 30% of children from a vulnerable area may go to the same preschool starting year 2020.
https://www.di.se/nyheter/gettolista-sp
Pontus Herin Publicerad: 20 december 2019, 17:25
Denmark is usually pointed out as Sweden's antipode with regard to immigration and integration. In addition to more restrictive migration policies, there is a broad political unity about harder grip towards immigrants who do not behave and towards residential segregation. This also applies to the debate climate as completely different wordings can be used than in Sweden.
A good example of this is the so-called "ghetto list" which is presented every year in Dec 1. Here the most problematic residential areas are listed according to a number of criterions related to unemployment, criminality, and the proportion of non-Danes (see the definition below). This year there is 28 areas on the list.
Even if the criterions have been changed, the list has existed for 10 years and a debate have been going on for approximately as long about whether it is a clever thing and what is the actual aim of the list.
The ghetto list can be compared with the Swedish police' list of "vulnerable areas". But there is an important difference. In the end of 2018 the so-called "ghetto package" was voted through in the Danish parliament that allows enforced measures in the areas. A broad majority of politicians voted through the law and they mean that now it is working.
"The general image is that there is a positive development with regard to employment in almost all these areas, compared to the rest of the society," - said housing minister K. Dyvbad (S) in connection with presenting this year's list public.
If an area is present on the list for 4 years in a row, it is classified as "hard ghetto". Then politicians can use a number of measures like refusing accommodations to former convicted criminals, give people with jobs priority with regard to access to housing, and refuse providing housing to people living on welfare money.
The most debated part of the law is that the non-profit communal rental housing is not allowed make up mo than 40% of all housing in a hard ghetto. In practice this means that more than half of the housing in these areas must be made available for sale or be demolished. According to an investigation by the newspaper "Mandag Morgen", 11 thousands people can be forced to leave their houses as a consequence of the new law. However, until now no house has been demolished.
B. Madsen, chief of the Boligselskabernes Landsforening (Danish equivalent to Swedish allmännytta, national association of communal and private landlords) is critical to the list but also sees certain advantages:
"In residential areas that risk getting on the list of hard ghettos in the near future we together with local authorities carry out an intensive work. It is about quickly improving schools, putting people to work and decreasing criminality. This is, naturally, positive".
The aim of the "ghetto package" is to get a greater socioeconomical mixing in these areas and in this way turn around the [bad] development. When the new law was voted through, it was done under the slogan "Denmark without the parallel society - no ghetto by 2030".
But at the same time as politicians, with only few exceptions, support the tough measures, strong critical voices are heard from both the residents and researchers. The word "ghetto" is debated, because it gives a picture of something that is worse than it is. The list is also blamed for labeling the areas as hopeless and preserving all that is bad.
Among the residents frustration is voiced additionally: they feel labeled as the second class citizens.
"Another concern is that there is practically nothing that says that it becomes better in a residential area or that people get jobs just because there is a greater socioeconomical mixing. We gladly believe it is true in the North, but there is no supporting research," - says G. Christensen, chief analyst at Vive, an institute for welfare research.
G. Christensen means that the ghetto list makes people in the areas to mobilize and collectively show that it is not that bad, which is positive. But at the same time, the list is mainly for politicians who can show that they do something at all.
"Problems are different in different areas. But here politicians try to find a solution for all of it and in addition using drastic measures. Demolishing a house does not solve any problem. It simply moves them."
A definition of Danish ghetto
For an area to be classified as ghetto it must have at lease 1000 residents and fulfill three of the following five criterions:
• over 40% of adults are unemployed
• over 50% residents were born in non-western countries
• over 2.7% of adults are convicted for crimes related to weapon or drugs
• over 50% of residents have only elementary school edication
• Average income is below 55% of all average incomes in the region.
https://www.dn.se/nyheter/varlden/krimi
Publicerad 2019-11-30
Criminals are offered money to move from the "ghetto"
In Odense in Denmark, convicted criminals are offered money and free help to move by the municipality and the landlords. This is to avoid getting on the list of "especially vulnerable areas" that is presented by the government on Sunday.
If they move to another area before the end of the year they get 15000 Danish crones tax-free and free help with the moving. This offer was issued a few weeks ago to all convicted criminals in the 4 vulnerable areas in Odense.
It is the municipality together with the three landlords that turned to unconventional methods to avoid that the areas get on the list of the "hard ghettos" that is presented on Sunday.
Every year the Danish government publishes a ghetto list of the vulnerable areas in the counry.
A residential area with more then 1000 residents can get on the list if it fulfills at lease 3 of the following 5 criterions:
• over 40% of residents between 18 and 64 of age are outside the labor market and are not studying.
• over 50% of residents are immigrants or family to immigrants from non-western countries.
• over 2,7% of residents older than 18 have been convicted for crimes.
• over 50% of residents between 30 and 59 of age only have elementary school education.
• Income levels in the area are substantially lower than in the rest of the region.
In 2018 29 areas appeared in the list, including Vollsmose in Odense, Gellerupparken in Århus and Tingbjerg in Copenhagen.
Only a month before the list is presented, the Danish parliament voted through a new law, "ghetto package". It implies among other things that an area that appeared on the list 4 years in a row is upgraded to "hard ghetto".
In the "hard ghettos" the landlords can be forced to demolish up to 60% of non-profit public rental housing until 2030.
Vollsmose [in Odense] and Gellerup in Århus were among the first to get classified as ghettos and now they may face extensive housing demolition.
To avoid getting in the same situation, Odense municipality presented their unusual offer to selected residents.
- It is in many ways a grotesque tool to offer help with moving to convicted criminals, but we have done it in desperation facing the risk of being forced to demolish. There is no sane politician in Odense who believes that it should be good to demolish so many houses, says P.R. Juel, socialdemocratic mayor, to the newspaper Fyens Stiftstidende.
Riisingparken is one of the concerned areas in Odense. It has been on the government's list since 2016. Now the area risks becoming a hard ghetto, unless 10 to 14 convicted criminals accept before the New Year the offer of free moving and 15000 crones tax-free in the hands and 2 weeks free from rent in the new place.
The offer created debate between politicians and people. When the right populistic Danish people's party heard the rumors of that they requested that housing minister K. Dybvad (S) should gather the parties supporting the law to discuss how to avoid similar tricks in the future.
- The aim of the ghetto law was to prevent the ghetto and massive criminality where many migrants are gathered in the same place. It was surely not the aim that it should pour gifts down on the criminals, says M.H. Dencker, the spokesperson for the housing questions of the Danish people's party to Danish Radio.
Similar methods have been used before, for example, in Skovgårdsparken in Århus, where landlord Brabrand boligforening offered 50000 crones as a help to move to families that were outside the labor market if they discontinue their housing contract. 15 families have moved in total and this way the area avoided getting on the ghetto list.
With this year’s list, several new requirements are coming. Among other things, maximum 30% of children from a vulnerable area may go to the same preschool starting year 2020.
