Да почитайте что-нибудь для самообразования что ли?
Вот к примеру это:The pound sterling was the primary reserve currency of much of the world in the 18th and 19th centuries. But perpetual current account and fiscal deficits financed by cheap credit and unsustainable monetary and fiscal policies and the relative decline of Britain from being the world's pre-eminent military and economic power led to the pound losing this status.
Или вот здесь, если вам Википедия не нравится:And yet dollar sceptics note that this time the dollar's crown is, if not wobbly, at least skewed.
America's current-account deficit, at 6% of GDP, is its highest on record; its net foreign liabilities,
at 22% of GDP, are also close to an all-time high. Foreign central banks seem to have reduced
their purchases of American Treasuries: official holdings of these rose by only $2 billion in the first
seven months of 2005, against $295 billion in (the whole of) 2004 and $175 billion in 2003. If this
trend continues, other currencies could one day challenge the dollar's dominance.
History offers perhaps only one true example of a reserve-currency shift, from the British pound to
the dollar. The pound was king during the era of the gold standard. But in the years after 1914,
Britain switched from net creditor to net debtor, and by the 1920s the dollar was the only currency
convertible to gold (although the pound returned to gold in 1925). Two costly wars and two
episodes of currency devaluation in Britain later, the dollar was unchallenged as the world's chief
reserve currency.
Немецкая марка была основной резервной валютой во времена Гитлера по крайней мере в восточной Европе. Доллар не был тогда настолько глобальным как сейчас. Будет время, найду данные и по этой теме.
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