Xuanhuaceratops is a genus of dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period (dated to 148 million years ago). A member of the family Chaoyangsauridae, it was one of the earliest ceratopsians (Weishampel et al. 2004; Xu et al. 2006; Zhao et al. 2006). The fossils were found in Hebei Province, northeastern China.

 This dinosaur was described in a report in the journal Acta Geologica Sinica by Chinese paleontologist Zhao Xijin and colleagues. Xuanhuaceratops had previously been mentioned in press as "Xuanhuasaurus", a nomen nudum.

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Tags: Вымершие рептилии, Юра, авеметатарзалии, архозавроморфы, архозавры, диапсиды, динозавроморфы, динозавры, маргиноцефалии, неорнитискии, птицетазовые, цераподы, цератопсы, чаоянгзавриды

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 Chaoyangsaurus ("Chaoyang lizard") was a marginocephalian dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of China (dated to between 150.8 and 145.5 million years ago). Chaoyangsaurus belonged to the Ceratopsia (Greek for "horned faces"), a group of primarily herbivorous dinosaurs with parrot-like beaks which thrived in North America and Asia during the Cretaceous Period (which ended roughly 65 million years ago). Chaoyangsaurus, like all ceratopsians, was primarily a herbivore.

 Chaoyangsaurus was found in the Chaoyang area of Liaoning Province in northeastern China. The specific name honours the Chinese paleontologist C. C. Young.

 Unlike many other dinosaurs, Chaoyangsaurus had been discussed in a number of sources before its official publication. As a result of this, several different spellings of its name have come and gone as nomina nuda ("naked names", names with no formal description behind them). The first name to see print was Chaoyoungosaurus, which appeared in the guidebook to a Japanese museum exhibit, and was the result of an incorrect transliteration. Zhao (1983) also used this spelling when he first discussed the species, so it is technically a nomen nudum. Two years later, Zhao again used this early spelling when he assigned a type specimen and species name, Chaoyoungosaurus liaosiensis (Zhao, 1985).

 According to Dong (1992), the name Chaoyoungosaurus had been officially described in a paper by Zhao and Cheng in 1983, but no cite for this supposed paper exists, and it is likely it was not properly published. Dong, in his 1992 paper on the subject, also emended the name to the "correct" spelling of Chaoyangosaurus (note the extra letter "o"). However, since this renaming was not accompanied by a formal description of the dinosaur, Chaoyangosaurus must also be considered a nomen nudum.

 It was not until 1999 that the dinosaur finally received an official name. Sereno (1999) used the name Chaoyangsaurus in an overview of ceratopsian taxonomy. Once again, that name was a nomen nudum. However, in December of that year, Cheng, Zhao, and Xu published an official description using the name Chaoyangsaurus youngi, and as the first name for this genus that is not a nomen nudum, it has official priority over all other spellings that have been used.

 Chaoyangsauridae is a family of dinosaurs. They were the first marginocephalian dinosaurs to appear on the planet, about 148 million years ago, in the Late Jurassic period. Members of this group had sharp beaks for snipping off leaves to eat, and a very small frill. There are disagreements that the chaoyangsaurids were part of the pachycephalosaurian group, ceratopsian group, or a different ancestral group.

 Two dinosaur genera, Chaoyangsaurus and Xuanhuaceratops, are included in Chaoyangsauridae. Both animals are more primitive (or basal) than Psittacosaurus, an early ceratopsian.

 Цера́топсы, рогатые динозавры (Ceratopsia, от греч. κέρας — «рог», ωψ — «лицо») — группа (инфраотряд) травоядных птицетазовых динозавров позднего юрского и мелового периодов, обладавших характерным крючковатым клювом. Окаменелые останки обнаружены в Северной Америке, Азии и Европе. Из наиболее известных представителей — цератопс и трицератопс.

 Происхождение и эволюция цератопсов окончательно не ясны. Самым ранним цератопсом считается открытый в Китае в 2005 году динозавр Иньлун (Yinlong), чьи останки датируются поздним юрским периодом (161—156 млн лет назад), в результате чего предполагается их азиатское происхождение в юрском периоде. Также остается открытым вопрос и о появлении крупных рогатых динозавров в позднем меле на территории Северной Америки.

 Находки палеонтологов в 2010 году на территории Венгрии дали доказательство тому, что в среднем меловом периоде цератопсы (Ajkaceratops) обитали на территории современной Европы, которая в те времена представляла собой разрозненные острова. Учёные предполагают, что данная разновидность мигрировала из Азии, двигаясь от острова к острову.

 Marginocephalia ("fringed heads") is a clade of ornithischian dinosaurs that includes the thick-skulled pachycephalosaurids, and horned ceratopsians. They were all herbivores, walking on two or four legs, and are characterized by a bony ridge or frill at the back of the skull. The clade evolved in the Jurassic period, and became common in the Upper Cretaceous.

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Tags: Вымершие рептилии, Юра, авеметатарзалии, архозавроморфы, архозавры, диапсиды, динозавроморфы, динозавры, маргиноцефалии, неорнитискии, птицетазовые, цераподы, цератопсы, чаоянгзавриды

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